International Journal of Research in Advanced Electronics Engineering
2026, Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A
Automated greenhouse microclimate control system using wireless sensor network and Fuzzy logic
Author(s): Ahmed M Hassan and Fatma S El-Sayed
Abstract: Greenhouse microclimate management in hot arid climates presents unique challenges requiring sophisticated control strategies that can respond to rapidly changing environmental conditions while optimizing resource utilization. This research presents the development and field validation of an automated greenhouse microclimate control system integrating wireless sensor networks with fuzzy logic control algorithms, enabling precise management of temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and carbon dioxide levels for protected cultivation under Egyptian desert conditions. The system architecture comprises 28 wireless sensor nodes distributed across a 500 square meter greenhouse, monitoring temperature and relative humidity at twelve locations, soil moisture at eight points, light intensity at four positions, and carbon dioxide concentration at four heights. ZigBee mesh networking provides reliable data transmission to a central Raspberry Pi controller implementing a Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system with 49 rules governing actuator responses for ventilation, heating, evaporative cooling, drip irrigation, shade screen positioning, and carbon dioxide enrichment. Field validation conducted over six months (October 2023 to March 2024) with tomato cultivation demonstrated substantial improvements compared to conventional thermostat-based control operating in an adjacent identical greenhouse. The fuzzy logic system achieved temperature control within ±1.2 °C of setpoint compared to ±3.5 °C for conventional control, with relative humidity maintained within ±4% versus ±12% conventionally. Water consumption decreased by 29.5% through optimized irrigation scheduling responding to actual soil moisture and evapotranspiration conditions rather than fixed time-based programs. Energy consumption for heating and ventilation decreased by 25.8% through predictive control anticipating temperature changes and avoiding oscillatory actuator cycling characteristic of on-off control. Labor requirements decreased by 40.8% through automation of routine monitoring and adjustment tasks. Most significantly, tomato yield increased by 20.5% (51.2 versus 42.5 kg/m²) with improved fruit quality grades attributed to more stable growing conditions throughout the production cycle. The economic analysis demonstrates system payback within 1.6 years through combined savings in water, energy, and labor costs plus increased crop revenue. The research establishes that fuzzy logic control integrated with wireless sensor networks provides a practical and economically viable approach to precision greenhouse management under challenging desert climate conditions, with direct applicability to Egypt's expanding protected cultivation sector.
DOI: 10.22271/27084558.2026.v7.i1a.75
Pages: 39-44 | Views: 36 | Downloads: 14
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How to cite this article:
Ahmed M Hassan, Fatma S El-Sayed. Automated greenhouse microclimate control system using wireless sensor network and Fuzzy logic. Int J Res Adv Electron Eng 2026;7(1):39-44. DOI: 10.22271/27084558.2026.v7.i1a.75
