International Journal of Research in Advanced Electronics Engineering
2025, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part A
Design of an IoT-based automated irrigation and fertilization system for precision agriculture
Author(s): Amir Rezaei, Sara Nouri, Ali Karami and Fatemeh Jafari
Abstract: The present research focuses on the design and field evaluation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automated irrigation and fertilization system aimed at improving resource efficiency and sustainability in precision agriculture. The system integrates soil moisture, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, humidity, and pH sensors with LoRaWAN-based wireless communication and an edge-computing framework for real-time data acquisition, processing, and actuation. A dual-layer control architecture comprising a rule-based threshold controller and a model predictive/fuzzy-logic algorithm was implemented to dynamically regulate water and nutrient delivery according to soil and climatic conditions. Field experiments were conducted on a test crop under controlled and automated conditions to compare resource utilization, yield, and system performance. Statistical analysis revealed a 22-23% reduction in irrigation water consumption, a 26% improvement in fertilizer-use efficiency, and a 33% increase in water-use efficiency relative to manual control, without compromising yield output. The integrated system also maintained soil moisture within optimal field capacity ranges and demonstrated reliable communication performance, achieving a 99% packet delivery ratio and sub-second response latency. These results validate the system’s robustness and effectiveness in optimizing irrigation and nutrient dosing based on real-time soil feedback. The study concludes that IoT-enabled precision irrigation-fertigation can significantly contribute to sustainable agriculture by minimizing input wastage, lowering operational costs, and maintaining productivity. Practical recommendations emphasize sensor calibration, renewable power use, training for system management, and policy support for technology adoption. The successful implementation of such systems can pave the way for data-driven, resource-conscious, and climate-resilient agricultural practices suitable for both small-scale and large-scale farming operations.
Pages: 17-21 | Views: 21 | Downloads: 17
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How to cite this article:
Amir Rezaei, Sara Nouri, Ali Karami, Fatemeh Jafari. Design of an IoT-based automated irrigation and fertilization system for precision agriculture. Int J Res Adv Electron Eng 2025;6(2):17-21.
